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Schiedea lychnoides

Hillebr. (1888)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-CoreEudicot Order: Caryophyllales Family: Caryophyllaceae Genus: Schiedea

kuawāwaenohu [kuawawaenohu]

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Weakly climbing or sprawling vines.

Stems: Stems often swollen at the nodes, terete (cylindrical), 4–angled or –ridged, primary stems to 30 dm long, with short lateral branches.

Roots: Fibrous root system.

Leaves: Leaves simple. Opposite. Blades ovate to elliptic, 4.5–6.5 cm long, 1.8–3.8 cm wide. Apex mucronate. Base leaf bases often connate around the stem. Surfaces sparsely puberulent, the hairs erect to somewhat antrorsely appressed, translucent with a purple tinge, those of the principal veins on Lower surfaces side and margin coarser and more appressed, 0.25-0.5 mm long; blades thin and membranous, dark green with a purple tinge. Margins inconspicuously serrulate, at least in the distal half. (3)5 principal veins, the outer pair of veins usually only weakly developed. Petioles 0.2–0.7 cm long. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers in inflorescence pseudoaxillary, with usually 3–17(–21) flowers, all parts densely glandular–puberulent throughout, the hairs translucent with a purple tinge, 0.25–0.5 mm long; bracts 14–24 mm long, foliaceous; peduncles 18–25 mm long, the internodes of the lateral inflorescence branches 2–14 mm long; pedicels thinner, 7–18 mm long. Flowers bisexual (perfect),apparently adapted for bird pollination, pendent. Calyx of 5 sepals, 9–12 mm long, 5–6.5 mm wide, enlarging to 12–18 mm long and 7–9 mm wide in fruit, the outer ones larger, rhombic, the inner ones oblong–rhombic, greenish white, thin and membranous, dry at maturity, becoming slightly recurved along the margin of the upper half of the outer pair, especially as fruit develops, apex obtuse and mucronulate, abaxially densely glandular–puberulent throughout, glabrous adaxially. Corolla (petals) absent. Stamens 10–13; filaments 5.5–6.3 mm long, the antisepalous ones slightly longer to subequal; anthers 0.8–1.3 mm long, pale reddish purple at anthesis, changing to a darker reddish purple. Pollen pale gray. Ovary superior, 1-celled; ovule placentation free-central; styles 8–11, often the number variable on the same plant.

Fruit: Capsules 9–12 mm long; ovoid. Seeds 0.8–1.0 mm long; black; persistent on placenta; released as the capsule gradually rots; the margins of the cells of the seed coat slightly convex; the raised cells forming low transverse ridges across the seed surface; perisperm starchy; hard or rarely soft; true endosperm absent.

Ploidy: 2n = possibly 60*

Habitat: In wet forest; often along streams; trailing on the ground or sprawling over other vegetation; in forests dominated by <i>Metrosideros polymorpha</i> Gaudich. and <i>Cheirodendron spp.</i> with understory commonly of <i>Broussaisia arguta</i> Gaudich. <i>Hedyotis; Vaccinium; Myrsine; Labordia; Cyanea; Melicope</i>; and pteridophytes such as <i>Athyrium microphyllum</i> (Sm.) Alston; <i>Dicranopteris linearis</i> (Burm. f.) Underw. <i>Dryopteris glabra</i> (Brack.) Kuntze; <i>Nephrolepis cordifolia</i> (L.) C. Presl; and <i>Sticherus owhyhensis</i> (Hook.) Ching.

Elevation Range: 1090–1320 m.

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Kaua'i Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Notes

  • Description digitized by Mercedez
  • Description digitized from the Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawaii
  • This species appears to be very rare. It is closely related to Alsinidendron viscosum, which differs primarily only in having narrower leaves and fewer flowers and capsule valves. All of the collections of A. lychnoides are fruiting specimens, whereas the 4 examined af A. viscosum are primarily flowering with a few partially mature capsules.

Bibliography

Name Published In: Fl. Hawaiian Isl.: 36 (1888)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:500 (K [as Alsinidendron lychnoides]); Wagner, Weller & Sakai 2005:51 (Syn. A. lychnoides = S. lychnoides, KEY, DESCR)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Schiedea lychnoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details wet forest along trail. Preserved_Specimen ~1.5 m long vine; flowers white Wagner, W.L. 6031 Kauai BISH 1988-04-09
2 Schiedea lychnoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Wet ohia forest with other native trees and a treefern and native shrub understory. Preserved_Specimen Sprawling branched vine climbing over ground and lower parts of shrubs; corolla lobes white. Warshauer, F.R. 3355 Kauai BISH 1981-05-08
3 Schiedea lychnoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details over Vaccinium; with Metrosideros-Cheirodendron Preserved_Specimen scandent shrub; leaves with 3-5 prominent veins Nagata, K.M. 2123 Kauai BISH 1980-09-07
4 Schiedea lychnoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details rain forest Preserved_Specimen partly epiphytic Degener, O. 23942 Kauai BISH 1955-09-18
5 Schiedea lychnoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details wet forest along trail. Preserved_Specimen ~1.5 m long vine; flowers white Wagner, W.L. 6031 Kauai BISH 1988-04-09
6 Schiedea lychnoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros-Cheirondendron montane wet, steep north facing closed to open forest with rich fern and moss ground cover. W/Gahnia beecheyi, Dianella sandwicensis, Melicope clustifolia, M. kauaiensis, Leptecophylla, Asplenium normale, A. contiguum, A. schizophyllum, adjacent to steep slopes of matting ferns Dicranopteri Preserved_Specimen sub-shrub, stems green or with orange tinge, corolla white, leaves green or occasionally with purple tinge and usually on abaxial side, many dry capsules with abundant seeds collected, ca. 10 plants in area. Wood, K.R. 14344 Kauai BISH 2010-10-08
7 Schiedea lychnoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros-Cheirodendron montane wet forest with Dicranopteris- Diplopterygium-Sticherus matting ferns with Leptecophylla tameiameiae, Vaccinium calycinum, Broussaisia arguta, Kadua affinis, Peperomia hesperomannii, Gahnia vitiensis kauaiensis, Coprosma elliptica, Melicope cluusiifolia, M. Preserved_Specimen vining shrub, scadent and few branched, in flower, petals white, stamens and stigmas white-yellow, anthers with purple or pink tinge, covering 12 sq m area, north aspect above stream, single site observed Wood, K.R. 15515 Kauai BISH 2013-05-22
8 Schiedea lychnoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details roposed fence-line survey Metrosideros-Cheirodendron-Dicranopteris mixed wet forest, 8-12 m tall canopy, 50-90% closed, with Melicope clusiifolia, Scaevola glabra, Broussaisia arguta, Vacccinium calycina, Syzygium sandwicensis, Astelia argyrocoma, Cibotium glaucum, Leptecophylla tameiameiae, Smilax melastomifolia, Dubau Preserved_Specimen vining shrub, few to moderately branched, stems orange-yellow, with fruit, 2 plants Wood, K.R. 15300 Kauai BISH 2012-11-17
9 Schiedea lychnoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Wet ohia forest with other native trees and a treefern and native shrub understory. Preserved_Specimen Low sprawling branched vine on nivey decumbent shrub; flowers white. Warshauer, F.R. 3402 Kauai BISH 1981-05-15
10 Schiedea lychnoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 17105 Kauai BISH 1916-10-01
11 Schiedea lychnoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Knudsen 89 Kauai BISH
12 Schiedea lychnoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details in trees, trailing on grouns Preserved_Specimen sepals 5, stamens 11, calyx green, pubescent; ovary 1 long; stigma conical 2.5 high, inferior; style 10 cleft; ovary 2 celled; many carpels Rock, J.F.C. 2638 Kauai BISH 1909-03-01
13 Schiedea lychnoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Medeiros, A.C. 201 Kauai BISH 1982-06-01
14 Schiedea lychnoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 5459 Kauai BISH 1909-09-05
15 Schiedea lychnoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 342 Kauai BISH 1909-09-01
16 Schiedea lychnoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 4877 Kauai BISH 1909-09-23
17 Schiedea lychnoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 2638 Kauai BISH 1909-03-01
18 Schiedea lychnoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 5907 Kauai BISH 1909-09-05
19 Schiedea lychnoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 886 Kauai BISH 1917-07-03
20 Schiedea lychnoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. Kauai BISH 1916-10-01
21 Schiedea lychnoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Lydgate, J.M. Kauai BISH
22 Schiedea lychnoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. Kauai BISH 1916-10-01
23 Schiedea lychnoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Lydgate, J.M. Kauai BISH
24 Schiedea lychnoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 4876 Kauai BISH 1909-09-23
25 Schiedea lychnoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Lydgate, J.M. Kauai BISH
26 Schiedea lychnoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 1150 Kauai BISH 1917-07-03
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